The Chaconia, our flower of Independence

What does national pride mean to you? I was asked this question recently in a conversation amongst peers while discussing current events. At first, my mind jolted back to the 90s, when my family would attend kiddies’ Carnival, watch Independence Night fireworks, celebrate with friends for Eid and Divali, and begin Christmas festivities with the lighting of the first Advent candle.

Trinidad and Tobago is indeed a special place. To me, it is a paradise where every creed and race can find an equal place. As a garden enthusiast, I believe national pride can also be seen in the beauty of the magnificent red Chaconia.

The Chaconia is more than a beautiful tropical plant. It is a living representation of our history, resilience and national identity. Its brilliant vermilion-red blooms echo the red of our national flag, symbolising vitality, courage, warmth and the energy of our people.

Belonging to the coffee family, Rubiaceae, the Chaconia is known scientifically as Warszewiczia coccinea. It is sometimes called the wild poinsettia because of its striking red floral display. What many people identify as the flower is really a collection of small flowers surrounded by enlarged, brightly coloured sepals.

There are two well-known forms: the Single Chaconia and the Double Chaconia. The Double Chaconia, commonly associated with our national emblem, is especially significant because it is a naturally occurring variation discovered in Trinidad in 1957. It was later propagated and named ‘David Auyong’ in recognition of one of the persons involved in preserving it.

Unlike many plants that can be easily reproduced from seed, the Double Chaconia is generally propagated through cuttings to preserve its distinctive characteristics.

The name ‘Chaconia’ honours Don José María Chacón, the last Spanish governor of Trinidad. However, the flower’s importance now extends far beyond its colonial name.

As an indigenous forest plant, it has existed through generations of change and has come to represent the continuity and enduring life of our nation. For gardeners, growing a Chaconia is a meaningful way of celebrating our national heritage.

It thrives in warm, humid tropical conditions and prefers fertile, well-drained soil with adequate moisture. A location with good light or partial shade can support healthy growth, especially when the young plant is protected from harsh, drying conditions.

Regular watering is important during establishment, but the soil should not remain waterlogged. Applying organic mulch around the base helps retain moisture, suppress weeds and gradually improve the soil. Compost or well-rotted organic matter can also encourage healthy foliage and flowering. Light pruning may be used to maintain the plant’s shape and remove damaged or overcrowded branches.

The Chaconia can develop into a large shrub or small tree, so it should be planted where it has sufficient room to mature. Before placing one close to a house, fence or walkway, consider its future size. It is better suited to a spacious garden.

This Independence Day, may the Chaconia inspire us to deepen our roots, nurture our communities and protect the environment that sustains us.

Happy Independence Day Trinidad and Tobago!

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